ASTM D4463-1996(2006) 淡水分裂催化剂的金属自由蒸汽去活化作用标准指南

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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforMetalsFreeSteamDeactivationofFreshFluidCrackingCatalysts
【原文标准名称】:淡水分裂催化剂的金属自由蒸汽去活化作用标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMD4463-1996(2006)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1996
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D32.04
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:润滑剂;石油产品;催化剂;蒸气;试验
【英文主题词】:catalysts;cracking;ceactivation;hydrothermaltreatment;steamdeactivationoffreshfluidcrackingcatalysts;steamdeactivation
【摘要】:Ingeneral,steamtreatmentofFCCcatalystcanbeusedeithertocompareaseriesofcrackingcatalystsatasimulatedequilibriumconditionorconditions,ortosimulatetheequilibriumconditionofaspecificcrackingunitandaspecificcatalyst.Thisguidegivesanexampleforthefirstpurposeandanapproachforthelatterpurpose.1.1Thisguidecoversthedeactivationoffreshfluidcatalyticcracking(FCC)catalystbyhydrothermaltreatmentpriortothedeterminationofthecatalyticcrackingactivityinthemicroactivitytest(MAT).1.2ThehydrothermaltreatmentoffreshFCCcatalyst,priortotheMAT,isimportantbecausethecatalyticactivityofthecatalystinitsfreshstateisaninadequatemeasureofitstruecommercialperformance.Duringoperationinacommercialcrackingunit,thecatalystisdeactivatedbythermal,hydrothermalandchemicaldegradation.Therefore,tomaintaincatalyticactivity,freshcatalystisadded(semi)continuouslytothecrackingunit,toreplacecatalystlostthroughthestackorbywithdrawal,orboth.Understeadystateconditions,thecatalystinventoryoftheunitiscalledequilibriumcatalyst.Thiscatalysthasanactivitylevelsubstantiallybelowthatoffreshcatalyst.Therefore,artificiallydeactivatingafreshcatalystpriortodeterminationofitscrackingactivityshouldprovidemoremeaningfulcatalystperformancedata.1.3DuetothelargevariationsinpropertiesamongfreshFCCcatalysttypesaswellasbetweencommercialcrackingunitdesignsoroperatingconditions,orboth,nosinglesetofsteamdeactivationconditionsisadequatetoartificiallysimulatetheequilibriumcatalystforallpurposes.1.3.1Inaddition,therearemanyotherfactorsthatwillinfluencethepropertiesandperformanceoftheequilibriumcatalyst.Theseinclude,butarenotlimitedto:depositionofheavymetalssuchasNi,V,Cu;depositionoflightmetalssuchasNa;contaminationfromattritedrefractoryliningsofvesselwalls.Furthermore,commerciallyderivedequilibriumcatalystrepresentsadistributionofcatalystsofdifferentages(fromfreshto>300days).Despitetheseapparentproblems,itispossibletoobtainreasonablycloseagreementbetweentheperformancesofsteamdeactivatedandequilibriumcatalysts.Itisalsorecognizedthatitispossibletosteamdeactivateacatalystsothatitspropertiesandperformancepoorlyrepresenttheequilibrium.Itisthereforerecommendedthatwhenassessingtheperformanceofdifferentcatalysttypes,acommonsteamingconditionbeused.Catalystdeactivationbymetalsdepositionisnotaddressedinthisguide.1.4Thisguideofferstwoapproachestosteamdeactivatefreshcatalysts.Thefirstpartprovidesspecificsetsofconditions(time,temperatureandsteampressure)thatcanbeusedasgeneralpre-treatmentspriortocomparisonoffreshFCCcatalystMATactivities(TestMethodD3907)oractivitiesplusselectivities(TestMethodD5154).1.4.1ThesecondpartprovidesguidanceonhowtopretreatcatalyststosimulatetheirdeactivationinaspecificFCCUandsuggestscatalystpropertieswhichcanbeusedtojudgeadequacyofthesimulation.ThistechniqueisespeciallyusefulwhenexamininghowdifferenttypesofcatalystmayperforminaspecificFCCU,providednootherchanges(catalystadditionrate,regeneratortemperature,contaminantmetalslevels,etc.)occur.Thisapproachcoverscatalystphysicalpropertiesthatcanbeusedasmonitorstoindicatetheclosenesstoequilibriumcatalystproperties.1.5ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesareforinformationonly.1.6Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesan......
【中国标准分类号】:G74
【国际标准分类号】:71_040_30
【页数】:3P.;A4
【正文语种】: